Plasma Method To Get ZrO2
ZrO2 is the main composition of zircon brick and it plays an important role in glass industry.In 1970s, Americans first successfully uses plasma arc to decompose natural zircon and get a a small ZrO2 dispersed phase and the active ZrSiO4 product which is wrapped by amorphous SiO2 glass. The characteristics of plasma pyrolysis to get ZrO2 from zirconite are small investment, simple process, continuous production, high yield and less waste.
There are two steps of plasma method to make ZrO2 in China, which are plasma pyrolysis of zircon and alkali leaching silicon.
1. Plasma pyrolysis of zircon
The main composition of ziconite is ZrSiO4 which is made up of ZrO2 and SiO2 in combination with strong chemical bonds, and the chemical bond rupture could not be made by conventional leaching process. However, when the decomposition temperature is about 1700℃, inverse reaction will occur without quench.
Arc plasma source is ideal equipment for decomposition of zircon. It has two characteristics which are high temperature and fast speed. These two characteristics finish the decomposition of zircon in an instant, and the decomposition products leave high temperature zone rapidly and quench which Inhibits the occurrence of the reverse reaction.A series of complex physical and chemical changes is happened when zirconite is through plasma source, and there are three kinds of grains or particles in the decomposition products which are zirconite without decomposition, decomposition product in solid state and melting.
2. Alkali leaching silicon
Part of SiO2 in the decomposition process is vaporization，in which some free SiO2 is gone with exhaust emission, the rest forms a thin layer of SiO2 in different types of particles of different products or individual formation of SiO2 pellets.
SiO2 cladding is vitreous body isotropic, easily leached by diluted caustic soda solution and produce sodium silicate, the chemical reaction is as following:ZrO2+SiO2+2NaOH=ZrO2+NaSiO3+H2O
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